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Electrolytic manganese production is the process of producing high-purity manganese metal from manganese ore using an electrolytic process. The process involves the following steps:
Manganese ore is mined and refined to remove impurities such as iron and silica.
The refined manganese ore is then mixed with a reducing agent such as coke and heated in a furnace to produce manganese dioxide (MnO2).
The MnO2 is then dissolved in sulfuric acid to form manganese sulfate (MnSO4) solution.
The manganese sulfate solution is then purified using various methods such as precipitation, filtration, and ion exchange to remove impurities.
The purified manganese sulfate solution is then fed into an electrolytic cell, which contains an anode and a cathode made of pure manganese metal.
A direct electric current is passed through the cell, causing the manganese ions in the solution to migrate to the cathode and deposit on the surface as pure manganese metal.
The pure manganese metal is then harvested from the cathode and processed further to produce various forms of high-purity manganese products, including electrolytic manganese metal (EMM) and electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD).
Electrolytic manganese production is a highly energy-intensive process that requires a significant amount of electricity to operate. The process is typically used to produce high-purity manganese metal for use in various industrial applications, including the production of stainless steel, aluminum alloys, and dry-cell batteries.